The Free-Fourier Duck

For the purposes of cross validation we may chose to omit some of our data.

If 10% of the reciprocal space data is omitted at random, then the following images are obtained:

If 10% of the reciprocal space data is omitted in thin spherical shells, then the following images are obtained:


Crystallographic Interpretation:

Using Free-Reflections is a good validation of coordinate refinement, but is unwise when calculating maps. Particular care must be taken when using free-sets in density modification calculations, as the absence of the free-set can systematically bias the rest of the data.
More Fourier transforms.
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